HCl v3.4 compiled table

Table 2-14: Hydrochloric Acid

Volatile from

HCl

Volatile from

HCl & HClO4

Volatile from

HCl & H2SO4

Not dissolved

by dilute acid

Strong Chloride Complexes

Insoluble

species

Al (N1)

As(III) 30% (N2, 3)

As(V) 5% (N2, 3)

As(III) 100% (N2, 3)

As(V) 5% (N2, 3)

Ag (N4, 5)

Au(III) (N6, 7)

AgCl (N6-13)

> 3M HCl resoluble (N11, 12)

As(III,V) (AsCl3,AsCl5) (N1, 4-9, 11-17)

Au 1% (N2, 3)

Au 0.5% (N2, 3)

As (N4, 5)

Fe(III) (N6, 7)

Al (N7)

Au (N8)

B 20% (N2, 3)

B 50% (N2, 3)

Au (N4, 5)

Ga(III) (N6, 7)

AuCl (N10)

B (N8, 14)

Bi 0.1% (N2, 3)

Ge 90% (N2, 3)

Bi (N4, 5, 12)

Hg(II) (N6, 7)

BiOCl (N10, 12)

BiCl3 (N11)

Ba (N17)

Cr(III) (CrO2Cl2) 99.7% (N1-3)

Hg(I) 75% (N2, 3)

Hg(II) 75% (N3)

Cu (N4, 5)

In(III) (N6, 7)

Cu2Cl2 (N10)

C (N17)

Ge 50% (N1-3)

Mn 0.02% (N2, 3)

Ge (N4, 5)

Sb (N8)

Hg2Cl2 (N6-8, 10)

HgCl (N12)

Hg2Cl2O (N10)

Cd (N1)

Hg(I) 75% (N2, 3)

Hg(II) 75% (N3)

Mo 5% (N2, 3)

Hg (N4, 5)

Sn(IV) (N6-8)

Na (N7)

Cr(III) (N1, 8, 14, 16, 18)

Mn 0.1% (N2, 3)

P 1% (N2, 3)

Ir (N4, 5)

Tl(III) (N6, 7)

Nb (N17)

Ga (N1)

Mo 3% (N2, 3)

Re 90% (N2, 3)

Nb (N4, 5)

PbCl2 (N6, 9-12)

> 8M HCL resoluble (N11)

Ge (GeCl4) (N4-9, 11-18)

Os 100% (N2, 3)

Sb(III) 33% (N2, 3)

Sb(V) 3% (N3)

Os (N4, 5)

PtCl2 (N10)

halides (N17)

P 1% (N2, 3)

Se(IV) 30% (N3)

Se(VI) 20% (N2, 3)

Pd (N4, 5)

SbOCl (N10)

Hf (N17)

Re 100% (N2, 3)

Sn(II) 1% (N2, 3)

Sn(IV) 30% (N2, 3)

Pt, (N4, 5)

Si (N17)

Hg(I,II) (HgCl2) (N1, 4-8, 11-14, 17)

Ru 99.5% (N2, 3)

Te(IV) 0.1% (N2, 3)

Te(VI) 0.1% (N3)

Rh (N4, 5)

Ta (N17)

In(III) (N11, 13)

Sb(III) 2% (N2, 3)

Sb(V) 2% (N3)

Tl 0.1% (N2, 3)

Ru (N4, 5)

TlCl (N6-8, 10, 11, 13)

Mo (N1, 8)

Se(IV) 4% (N2, 3)

Se(VI) 4% (N3)

Sb (N4, 5, 12)

W (N17)

OsO4 (N6, 8)

Sn(II) 99.8% (N2, 3)

Sn(IV) 100% (N2, 3)

Ta (N4, 5)

P (N16, 17)

Te(IV) 0.5% (N3)

Te(VI) 0.1% (N2, 3)

W (N4, 5, 12)

Pa(N17)

Tl 1% (N2,3)

Zr (N4,5)

Pb (N8,14,15,17)

V 0.5% (N2,3)

Ra (N17)

Re(VII) (N6-8, 14)

RuO4 (N6, 8)

S (N17)

Sb(III,V) (SbCl3,SbCl5) (N1, 4-8, 11-14, 16, 17)

Se(II,IV) (SeCl4) (N12)

Si (N16)

Sn(II, IV) (SnCl4) (N1, 4-7, 11-14, 16, 17)

Ta (N1)

TeO2-2HCl (N12, 14)

Te chloride (N6-8, 11-14, 16, 17)

Th (N17)

Ti (N1, 14, 17)

Tl (N17)

V (N1)

W (N1)

Zn (N1, 8, 14, 15)

Zr (N1, 14, 17)

References:

N1 Mizuike, A. Enrichment Techniques for Inorganic Trace Analysis; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1983.

N2 Schilt, A. A. Perchloric Acid and Perchlorates; G. Frederick Smith Chemical Company: Columbus, OH, 1979.

N3 Hoffman, J. J.; Lundell, G. E. F. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 1939, 22, 465-470.

N4 Bogen, D. C. In Treatise on Analytical Chemistry; Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Interscience: New York, 1982; Vol. 5: Part I, pp 1-22.

N5 Willard, H. H.; Rulfs, C. L. In Treatise on Analytical Chemistry; Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Interscience: New York, 1961; Vol. 2: Part I, pp 1027-1050.

N6 Anderson, R. Sample Pretreatment and Separation; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1987.

N7 Bock, R. A Handbook of Decomposition Methods in Analytical Chemistry, 1st ed.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1979.

N8 Bajo, S. In Preconcentration Techniques for Trace Elements; Alfassi, Z. B., Wai, C. M., Eds.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1992, pp 3-31.

N9 O'Haver, T. C. In Trace Analysis: Spectroscopic Methods for Elements; Elving, P. J., Winefordner, J. D., Kolthoff, I. M., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 19; Vol. 46, pp 63-78.

N10 Treadwell, F. P.; Hall, W. T. Analytical Chemistry, 9th English ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1937.

N11 Sulcek, Z.; Povondra, P.; Dolezal, J. CRC Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 1977, 255-323.

N12 Scott, W. W. Scott's Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5th ed.; D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc.: New York, 1939.

N13 Sulcek, Z.; Povondra, P. Methods of Decomposition in Inorganic Analysis; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1989.

N14 Zehr, B. D. American Laboratory 1992, December, 24-29.

N15 Gorsuch, T. T. In Accuracy in Trace Analysis: Sampling, Sample Handling, and Analysis: Gaithersburg, MD, 1976; Vol. I, pp 491-507.

N16 Vandecasteele, C.; Block, C. B. In Modern Methods for Trace Element Determination; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1993, pp 9-53.

N17 Lundell, G. E. F.; Hoffman, J. I. Outlines of Methods of Chemical Analysis, 6th ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1951.

N18 Gorsuch, T. T. The Destruction of Organic Matter, 1st ed.; Pergamon Press: New York, 1970.

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Volatile from HCl	Volatile from HCl & HClO4	Volatile from HCl & H2SO4	Not dissolved by dilute acid	Strong Chloride Complexes	Insoluble species
Al (N1)	As(III) 30% (N2, 3) As(V) 5% (N2, 3)	As(III) 100% (N2, 3) As(V) 5% (N2, 3)	Ag (N4, 5)	Au(III) (N6, 7)	AgCl (N6-13) > 3M HCl resoluble (N11, 12)
As(III,V) (AsCl3,AsCl5) (N1, 4-9, 11-17)	Au 1% (N2, 3)	Au 0.5% (N2, 3)	As (N4, 5)	Fe(III) (N6, 7)	Al (N7)
Au (N8)	B 20% (N2, 3)	B 50% (N2, 3)	Au (N4, 5)	Ga(III) (N6, 7)	AuCl (N10)
B (N8, 14)	Bi 0.1% (N2, 3)	Ge 90% (N2, 3)	Bi (N4, 5, 12)	Hg(II) (N6, 7)	BiOCl (N10, 12) BiCl3 (N11)
Ba (N17)	Cr(III) (CrO2Cl2) 99.7% (N1-3)	Hg(I) 75% (N2, 3) Hg(II) 75% (N3)	Cu (N4, 5)	In(III) (N6, 7)	Cu2Cl2 (N10)
C (N17)	Ge 50% (N1-3)	Mn 0.02% (N2, 3)	Ge (N4, 5)	Sb (N8)	Hg2Cl2 (N6-8, 10) HgCl (N12) Hg2Cl2O (N10)
Cd (N1)	Hg(I) 75% (N2, 3) Hg(II) 75% (N3)	Mo 5% (N2, 3)	Hg (N4, 5)	Sn(IV) (N6-8)	Na (N7)
Cr(III) (N1, 8, 14, 16, 18)	Mn 0.1% (N2, 3)	P 1% (N2, 3)	Ir (N4, 5)	Tl(III) (N6, 7)	Nb (N17)
Ga (N1)	Mo 3% (N2, 3)	Re 90% (N2, 3)	Nb (N4, 5)		PbCl2 (N6, 9-12) > 8M HCL resoluble (N11)
Ge (GeCl4) (N4-9, 11-18)	Os 100% (N2, 3)	Sb(III) 33% (N2, 3) Sb(V) 3% (N3)	Os (N4, 5)		PtCl2 (N10)
halides (N17)	P 1% (N2, 3)	Se(IV) 30% (N3) Se(VI) 20% (N2, 3)	Pd (N4, 5)		SbOCl (N10)
Hf (N17)	Re 100% (N2, 3)	Sn(II) 1% (N2, 3) Sn(IV) 30% (N2, 3)	Pt, (N4, 5)		Si (N17)
Hg(I,II) (HgCl2) (N1, 4-8, 11-14, 17)	Ru 99.5% (N2, 3)	Te(IV) 0.1% (N2, 3) Te(VI) 0.1% (N3)	Rh (N4, 5)		Ta (N17)
In(III) (N11, 13)	Sb(III) 2% (N2, 3) Sb(V) 2% (N3)	Tl 0.1% (N2, 3)	Ru (N4, 5)		TlCl (N6-8, 10, 11, 13)
Mo (N1, 8)	Se(IV) 4% (N2, 3) Se(VI) 4% (N3)		Sb (N4, 5, 12)		W (N17)
OsO4 (N6, 8)	Sn(II) 99.8% (N2, 3) Sn(IV) 100% (N2, 3)		Ta (N4, 5)
P (N16, 17)	Te(IV) 0.5% (N3) Te(VI) 0.1% (N2, 3)		W (N4, 5, 12)
Pa(N17)	Tl 1% (N2,3)		Zr (N4,5)
Pb (N8,14,15,17)	V 0.5% (N2,3)
Ra (N17)
Re(VII) (N6-8, 14)
RuO4 (N6, 8)
S (N17)
Sb(III,V) (SbCl3,SbCl5) (N1, 4-8, 11-14, 16, 17)
Se(II,IV) (SeCl4) (N12)
Si (N16)
Sn(II, IV) (SnCl4) (N1, 4-7, 11-14, 16, 17)
Ta (N1)
TeO2-2HCl (N12, 14) Te chloride (N6-8, 11-14, 16, 17)
Th (N17)
Ti (N1, 14, 17)
Tl (N17)
V (N1)
W (N1)
Zn (N1, 8, 14, 15)
Zr (N1, 14, 17)

N1	Mizuike, A. Enrichment Techniques for Inorganic Trace Analysis; Springer-Verlag: New York, 1983.
N2	Schilt, A. A. Perchloric Acid and Perchlorates; G. Frederick Smith Chemical Company: Columbus, OH, 1979.
N3	Hoffman, J. J.; Lundell, G. E. F. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 1939, 22, 465-470.
N4	Bogen, D. C. In Treatise on Analytical Chemistry; Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Interscience: New York, 1982; Vol. 5: Part I, pp 1-22.
N5	Willard, H. H.; Rulfs, C. L. In Treatise on Analytical Chemistry; Kolthoff, I. M., Elving, P. J., Eds.; Interscience: New York, 1961; Vol. 2: Part I, pp 1027-1050.
N6	Anderson, R. Sample Pretreatment and Separation; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1987.
N7	Bock, R. A Handbook of Decomposition Methods in Analytical Chemistry, 1st ed.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1979.
N8	Bajo, S. In Preconcentration Techniques for Trace Elements; Alfassi, Z. B., Wai, C. M., Eds.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1992, pp 3-31.
N9	O'Haver, T. C. In Trace Analysis: Spectroscopic Methods for Elements; Elving, P. J., Winefordner, J. D., Kolthoff, I. M., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 19; Vol. 46, pp 63-78.
N10	Treadwell, F. P.; Hall, W. T. Analytical Chemistry, 9th English ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1937.
N11	Sulcek, Z.; Povondra, P.; Dolezal, J. CRC Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 1977, 255-323.
N12	Scott, W. W. Scott's Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5th ed.; D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc.: New York, 1939.
N13	Sulcek, Z.; Povondra, P. Methods of Decomposition in Inorganic Analysis; CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1989.
N14	Zehr, B. D. American Laboratory 1992, December, 24-29.
N15	Gorsuch, T. T. In Accuracy in Trace Analysis: Sampling, Sample Handling, and Analysis: Gaithersburg, MD, 1976; Vol. I, pp 491-507.
N16	Vandecasteele, C.; Block, C. B. In Modern Methods for Trace Element Determination; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1993, pp 9-53.
N17	Lundell, G. E. F.; Hoffman, J. I. Outlines of Methods of Chemical Analysis, 6th ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1951.
N18	Gorsuch, T. T. The Destruction of Organic Matter, 1st ed.; Pergamon Press: New York, 1970.